MovieChat Forums > Alien (1979) Discussion > Was there meant to be a hidden subtext, ...

Was there meant to be a hidden subtext, message or a metaphor in this movie?


Or, as brilliant as it undeniably is, with Cameron's "Aliens" (1986) being an equally good close second in the trilogy/quatrology/cincorology/series, is it simply a classic monster in outer space tale?

P.S. In one review, I have heard one guy suggest it is about one particular subject, which I won't outright reveal, but I also wonder, why use alien in space as a metaphor for it? ALSO, even knowing that yes we look at it differently than murder, but men can be victims of it too of course, but why was this film a metaphor for it then but mostly for female victims of men, if that is even it? Hint - the review is at efilmcritic and by a guy called Rob Gonsalves.

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Alien fits into the subgenre of cosmic horror (same as Lovecraft). I take the sex/birth/trauma themes as a tool to subliminally express that cosmic-type horror.

I think this movie shows the males as much as females as victims in that way; Ridley Scott specifically wanted a male character as host for the birthing cycle as one example. The alien itself is androgynous in it's behavior.

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You make several good points.

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we have become world class over thinkers, over reachers. whether anything means anything or not, someone will be able to manufacture some perfectly aligning reason for any part or a whole plot. even if it was NEVER thought of or intended originally.

i could write a story about a mouse rooming with a thimble and someone could turn that into god knows what. its almost stupid that we have so much time to spare making up more stuff than is found in the actual movies themselves.

maybe it's just entertaining and doesn't have some amazing message behind it.
my take away was, in space, no one can hear you scream. ;)

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Thing is, I have indeed watched the movie many times and I always loved it and I did look into it on several occasions but unlike the efilmcritic.com reviewer/critic (is he a critic by profession by the way or is it just a hobby of his?) Rob Gonsalves, I never really understood that the first "Alien" (1979) movie was about r@pe or s*xual abuse in any way, for one, unlike say some of the "Species" movies, particularly the solid first one from 1995 and its rather inferior 1998 sequel, it doesn't have scenes or themes that feel like they even remotely or metaphorically touch the subject, and in any case, I just felt that the first Alien really was about a monster on a space ship and how the crew must battle it.

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^THIS.

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It's about sex. Poetic.

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Alien sex? Sex in space or in a space ship?

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It's about anal sex, put blantly.

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Um.. have you read the title? It's "Alien"
It's about modern liberals embracing illegal aliens from shithole countries, letting them in and slowly being destroyed by them.

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That is disturbingly accurate, actually.

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soooooo.... if Alien is about something, I guess the film it copied from 1958, "It! The Terror from Beyond Space", is obviously about that too, right?
watch it, and see if you get the exact same meaning: https://www.dailymotion.com/video/x7z7x4q

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As far as I know, inspiration from the movie came from a Phillip K Dick novel, I think Voyages of the Space Beagle, more exactly the short story about Ixtl, a resilient alien from an extremely old species, which reproduced same as the xenomorph from Alien.
From some interview I gathered that the original idea for the movie was about an alien who rapes people orally (really, no joke), and impregnates them in order to reproduce.
So yeah, classic monster in outer space tale with some sort of twist.

A far as metaphors go, I don't think there are any, it's just what people choose to see.

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maybe that is part of it, but IT! THE TERROR FROM BEYOND SPACE movie goes like this:

they land on a planet,
accidently pick up some space creature,
that picks off people one by one,
it retreats into the air ducts and they flush it out with fire,
and they blow out an airlock to outer space at the end, depriving it of oxygen to kill it

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Voyage of the Space Beagle is by A.E.van Vogt.

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Yup, sorry bout that. I always mix these two.

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My reading is that there isn't one subtext, but there are many.

Alien is about "Fear", in all its incarnations. O'Bannon wrote what is essentially a thesis on fear in its many forms. One of the reasons I think the movie rises above so many other horror films is this detailed breakdown of horror through story and through employing those fears against the audience. This catharsis is useful to confront these fears, too.

Fear of the unknown? Yes. The alien is very much an unknown quantity with many questions unanswered by the film. Fear of the dark? Naturally. It also contains, as others point out, existential dread, cosmic horror, and I'd add fear of abandonment by "mother" - gods that don't care about us in the form of Weyland-Yutani.

We now come to the hidden subtext: yes, sex, pregnancy, and assault/rape are part of the motifs of the film, and are surely terrifying. HR Giger's designs are very sexual in nature, too, and capitalize on this.

So, why have most victims men and why make the crew member most directly assaulted male? Some of this is part of the essay and some is in Alien's unique casting. They cast Alien blind, not worrying about sex or race, and resulted in the eclectic crew they did. Weaver was the best choice for Ripley, and Kane was male because John Hurt suited him best in the casting process.

But I think they might have known to pick a male cast member because male audience members would find that helplessness more shocking and fear-filled since contemplation of pregnancy of any kind - let alone forced - would be more terrifying to them, and might hit home harder.

Finally, for the record, I think Aliens is a good movie and a grand sequel, but I don't think it comes near the great heights Alien achieved. Alien is, as I say, a study in horror itself, while Aliens is a really good action movie.

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Good reply, thanks.

By the way, are any of us in here actually familiar with Rob Gonsalves, a critic who has been reviewing films for nearly 20 years, on efilmcritic? Also, is he actually a critic or just a talented writer with a hobby? Cheers.

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No problem; always happy to talk Alien.

I'm not familiar with him, but it sounds like he's probably not a critic, at least not a film one. If he was getting paid to write about movies, I doubt he'd hop elsewhere and do it online for free.

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Really great reply, nice and concise.

I would add that Rob Ager, a YouTuber who analyses sci-fi, horror and action movies has many videos related to Alien. As a jumping off point I can offer this one, which is a short one about foreshadowing in the film:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3GXvMnKamhE

But he has many more, all of which provided me with interesting new discoveries and insights about how well this movie is truly crafted. The other Alien related videos of his deal with many many metaphors and subliminal, hypnotic aspects of this movie, and they are worth checking out.

Also, he had a video up on Aliens where he explained how Alien is the "poison" and Aliens is the "antidote", but that video is no longer up sadly. Anyways, the main point Rob made in that video was how Aliens was like a successful "face your fears" psychiatric session for Ripley, as in: he was helpless and defenseless in the first movie, and could not save anyone except for her own life, also she constantly has night terrors. In Aliens she learns how to operate the M41A pulse rifle and the flamethrower, and blasts some of the aliens away with them. Later in the movie she Even overcomes the Queen in "hand-to-hand" combat with the powerloader. In further contrast with Alien, in Aliens she managed to save Newt and Hicks, etc - so from this point of view, Aliens is the perfect companion piece to Alien, it "cures" Ripley from her traumatized psychological condition.

Anyway just wanted to mention this, as I often encounter this "Aliens is just a very good action movie" notion, and I disagree. In Aliens there are also many metaphors, subliminals, foreshadowing, etc. It's not on the level of the first movie in these departments, but it's not "just an action movie" either.

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I haven't come across Ager's videos yet, but it sounds like he's quite knowledgeable on the subject - likely moreso than I am - and I look forward to checking the video(s) out.

That poison/antidote analysis is interesting. I've never thought of it that way. I'm not sure I think there "should" be an antidote to the terror of Alien, though. Some of the fear-levels of Alien are the cosmic horror thing, and there is no "cure" for existential helplessness, although we obviously do cope with these thoughts as a species. Nevertheless, it's a good analysis, and worth pondering.

I shouldn't say "just" a good action movie as though that's not valuable. I kind of think of Die Hard that way, but I don't mean it as a negative. I just mean that Die Hard knows what it is and goes to the hilt. But, I will own that I don't think Aliens has many deep themes - certainly not as many as Alien.

I will say this, though: Aliens' major theme that I do really enjoy is its bizarre, off-kilter look at motherhood. With Ripley and Newt vs. the Alien Queen, we have this conflict of matriarchal aggression which is interesting. I don't think Aliens explores that "mother" theme far enough - certainly nowhere near as deeply as Alien explores "fear". That's kinda why I consider it a (really good) action movie: it's not that it has no ideas, it's just that it's more concerned with awesome exo-suits and pulse rifles than it is with exploring the ideas it has.

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Ace, as always, a thoughtful & informative post.

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You're absolutely right about "there is no cure for the existential helplessness". I myself would not argue that Aliens is a perfect antidote for Alien, and I think Rob himself formulated his position on a character level, so it's a personal cure for Ripley, but not for us, at least not completely, if we take the existential aspects into account (and why wouldn't we).

I think the existential horror aspect is strongly present in Aliens as well. Humanity showed up with state of the art weaponry, and still only three people and half an android survived the encounter. I remember watching Aliens before Alien when I was 12. I already read the Alien novelization, so I knew this was a sequel to that. And it was really effective for me, that even marines couldn't really stop them. Of course we can always nuke them from orbit, but we still don't know the origins of them (let me please ignore Prometheus / Covenant here), so they could show up anywhere in the universe... And this species is only ONE of the unspeakable horrors available out there in the vastness of space... My point is Aliens for me evoked the same feelings as Alien - of course Aliens being a sequel helped matters, but it's a really-really great accomplishment that Cameron could tell a meaningful story and did not make his movie too similar to the previous one, but at the same time with his new elements, he did not introduce anything that would cheapen the mythos or would reduce the level of fear, he kept the cosmic horror aspects intact, etc.

I also like movies that have an identity, as in they know what they are, they set out clear goals and meet them. Die Hard and Aliens are great examples indeed, couldn't agree more.

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You're right: it's still kinda there in Aliens, but it's not as pronounced as it is in Alien. I think, and maybe this is just me, that the horror of the first movie is stronger because there is one monster and it's nigh-unstoppable, and even though they lose a lot of marines and crew members in Aliens, they also lay waste to a lot of the xenomorphs.

I don't want to be down on Aliens, either, because it's a good sequel and a great sci-fi/action movie, I just don't think it's quite on the same lofty level as the original.

I ignore Prometheus as well. I haven't seen Covenant. I didn't hate Prometheus as much as everybody else, but for lore, I just ignore it.

That last statement? I couldn't agree more. Aliens and Die Hard know what they are and play it to the hilt. That lack of pretension looks good on them. I think the John Wick films (although I've only seen number 1) are a modern-day equivalent; it's action, it's nothing else, it knows this, and it embraces it.

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I can see your POV, but this is why I brought up my personal experience about Aliens, so this is kind of subjective, besides in general I agree - the cosmic horror aspect is way more pronounced in Alien.

My statement about Prometheus: it's is a mediocre sci-fi movie, but a really bad Alien movie. Not watching Covenant you really don't miss much, as it is at times even more disrespectful towards the Alien lore than Prometheus was - and on top of that, it is disrespectful towards Prometheus as well - in other words a complete trainwreck.

To the last paragraph: I would even say Avatar was like this, it knew the story was nothing groundbreaking, so it made up for it in the visuals, the weaponry, and the extremely detailed world building of Pandora (animals and plants). I love how Cameron always has a very specific vision and he sticks to it throughout most of his work.

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Yeah, I wouldn't mind re-watching Alien 3, just to see if I still feel like I do. If I get the opportunity, I'll go for it.

We're on the same page with Prometheus. It's okay, but as an Alien movie, it's very disappointing. I think this is true of the Matrix sequels, as well. If they weren't following such an amazing first film, they'd be weird cult classics, but since they do have that setup, the payoff just couldn't live up to it.

Avatar is a perfect example of this. No real depth in the story or characters, but the world is impressively built, the 3D was well-used (surprisingly so), and the action is thrill-a-minute and keeps you interested.

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Re-reading this reply of yours mentioning the Matrix sequels, a question occurred to me: what did you think of The Matrix Resurrections?

About Matrix 2 and 3 I would say those films successfully created and followed through good story arc. The first Matrix is a perfect movie, but Matrix 2 and 3 are not that far behind, they are stylish, they are consistent and bring the narrative to an adequate closing point. So in my view they are much better than Prometheus and Covenant.

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I haven't seen Resurrections yet. I'm not sure if I will or not, although I lean towards "yes".

I thought Reloaded and Revolutions were quite far below the original Matrix, although they did close off the story to a satisfying end, but in a pretty poor manner. As you say, stylish, but with little substance.

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I'm curious, what are your thoughts on Fincher's Alien 3 (any cut) ? What would you say it is about ? I like it very much myself (the original theatrical cut, by the way... don't care much for the so-called "Assembly Cut"). Maybe even more so than Aliens.

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Keep in mind that it's been a WHILE since I saw Alien 3, but here goes...

In a nutshell? I was mostly bored. It kinda made enemies with me right away by wiping out the cast of Aliens. I thought it was kinda cheap of it to just negate the ending of the previous movie like that, and it was a bad move to take Ripley's hard-fought victory away - particularly with Newt. The theme I liked best in Aliens was that oddly-placed theme of motherhood (Ripley as Newt's surrogate mother vs. the Alien Queen) and it was kinda neat. Wiping out that mother-ness made me a bit prickly towards Alien 3 out of the gate.

The next thing is that I love the setting. The space monastery was, and continues to be, a pretty unique place in a sci-fi movie, and it plays into the horror nicely. I know it's like a prison thing, not a monastery, but it's also a monastery, and it's cool. I would have liked more lore and exploration of the setting. Not all the answers, not extensive backstory, but just, yeah, a bit more.

The supporting cast are forgettable. First, I know they're going to die, so it's hard to get attached. Second, they were off-putting and I didn't want to get to know them. This is a big problem. Every time I watch Alien, I feel horrible when Lambert gets it. She's *so scared* and, of course she was. I feel bad when the original crew die because I like them. Not the inmates. And, again, I barely remember them at all. I had the same reaction to 9/10 of the cast of Rogue One: didn't care about them, so I don't care about the movie. Okay, Ripley's great, but...that's it.

I like the resolution with Ripley's actions - that was unexpected, and basically the only departure from the Alien franchise's formulae. The rest was bog-standard. I didn't like that "Bishop" was the Weyland-Yutani guy. I thought it was a shoehorned excuse to mash the actor back in, and I couldn't help but think, "You know how you could have gotten that actor in the movie? Not killing him before the movie started."

I will asterisk this whole thing with this: I know a lot of people love Alien 3 and find hidden depths there. It has been ages since I've seen it, and I only watched it once (because I didn't care for it). But, I wouldn't be against a re-watch to reconsider my position, knowing that this film does have enough fans that love it.

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Thanks for your reply. Let us know what you think if ever you get round to rewatching it...
Personally, I prefer Alien 3's photography, editing (the autopsy sequence !), sets and costume design to Aliens'.

Also really liked some of the themes it developed, like grief for the tragic loss of a “child”, acceptance of the intrinsic unfairness of existence, depression, standing up and fighting in the face of what seems like insurmountable odds, the sheer terror and hyper-reality of the moment you realize something with your x-ray is not quite right (and all that it could imply), the living for so long with something inside of you (that will eventually kill you) that it becomes a part of who you are, acceptance in a community that is so fundamentally different from yourself and learns to "tolerate" the "intolerable"...

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"Personally, I prefer Alien 3's photography, editing (the autopsy sequence !), sets and costume design to Aliens'."

I see where you're coming from, but the cinematography in both movies are closely tied to the themes explored in them and the overall style of the movie.

So Alien 3 has some nicely composed and photographed scenes that you can take in, since the pace of the movie is a lot slower. It explores themes of abandonment, of hopelessness, of existential depression, etc. Whereas Aliens is an action movie, where there is not much time to linger on nicely framed shots.

Also, in Aliens Cameron's intention with almost all the shots is to provide an instant gut reaction, to hook the audience and to shock them. Case in point: when Ripley is rushing into the Queen's hive, there is a beautifully framed reveal shot of the Queen itself - the cinematography is nothing sort of iconic here, and the camera movement is deliberately slow, allowing us to take in the sheer size of the creature. These type of shots are few and far between, but they are there in Aliens.

In a nutshell - I don't think it's fair to fault Aliens for not going for the same kind of cinematography as Alien 3. Both Cameron and Fincher were very deliberate in choosing the filming style, lighting, camera movement and overall photography that suited the needs of their respective movies. I don't think the two are comparable on this level, as both directors knew what atmosphere and style they wanted to create - and both of them created it successfully.

Disclaimer: I don't like Alien 3 as a whole, mostly agreeing with Ace - he brought up great points above. But the one thing I think it most definitely got right is the cinematography - the lighting and camera work is indeed great - although for me this one aspect is not enough to carry the whole movie.

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"We now come to the hidden subtext: yes, sex, pregnancy, and assault/rape are part of the motifs of the film, and are surely terrifying. HR Giger's designs are very sexual in nature, too, and capitalize on this."

Is this really a sublime, intentional subtext or just the birthing mechanism that the filmmakers thought would be creepy? I vote for the latter. As far as under the radar messaging, since it's a Ridley Scott film and because he was so blunt in his feminist angles in later films, I think the horrors of rape is a minor theme but less so with the aliens and more so with Ash's magazine stuffing treatment of Ripley.

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I seem to recall reading about Dan O'Bannon studying fear or researching the nature of fear or something. I think a lot of it was quite deliberate. Some of it was undoubetdly subconscious. And there's the question of "deliberate vs. accidental" that has to pass through three people's processes that we're talking about here: O'Bannon, Ridley Scott, and HR Giger.

It's my opinion that, between the three of them, most of it is deliberate. Giger's work is obviously sexual, and Ridley Scott must have known he wanted to employ that aspect. Other aspects are obvious like fear of the dark. I think the existential fears and fears of parental (or deity) abandonment are/might be unintentional, but they probably came out of Scott et al. trying to tap into the isolation and loneliness (which is deliberate) and the terror of that. (Ie, they are cut off from "mother" and alone). But even there, naming the maching "MOTHER" seems far too deliberate.

If nothing else, Scott is a brilliant filmmaker, and while he doesn't hit the bullseye every time, this is a guy with a track record of brilliance, if not genius. It's more likely that he was being meticulous than just falling arse-backward into good ideas.

So, until I see interviews where Scott (or whoever) says, "Yeah, they were all idiots; they had no idea what they were making," I'm going to go with Occam's Razor: the simplest explanation here is that these great artists were doing their jobs.

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Perfectly reasonable. I just have a different viewpoint about the filmmakers' priorities. For good horror films like Alien, a top priority is to be scary. The invasive nature of the facehugger and how the alien is birthed is frightening, but the root of the fear isn't altogether different than what's scary about The Thing (1982) or Invasion of the Body Snatchers. Namely, a loss of control and identity (and a gruesome death typically). I agree that the rape element is present in Alien and probably purposeful, but if it wasn't frightening on a more general level, in a way much different than the horror of human beings raping one another, then it wouldn't work in this movie and wouldn't have been included. For that reason, I consider the rape angle almost incidental so far as the horror is concerned. When I look at that facehugger tightening its grip around Kane's neck with that embryo implantation tube down his throat, I'm not thinking about rape. I'm thinking about how horrible it would be to have my body invaded like that, whether it was a facehugger, a virus, or a cockroach crawling up my nose. The rape angle is a coffee table worthy conversation, but not central to the horror.

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This is a very, very good point, and scariness should be a priority for any filmmaker who seeks to make a horror film.

To me, that's what makes Alien a brilliant movie. If you want to watch it as pure terror, you can, and you'll enjoy it on that basis. It can "just" be a horror movie and extremely entertaining. But, if you want, after the movie's over, or on subsequent viewings, you can consider the subtexts and themes that the creative team have brought to their work, and that combination of the visceral with the intellectual is a big part of why I think the movie is as amazing as it is.

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Alien is A+ in whatever genre it belongs to. It tends to be lumped into the horror/sci-fi genre, but I look at it as a horror movie that happens to take place in the future in outer space (very few films qualify as sci-fi in my book).
As such, it gives us a filmmaker's vision as to what the future might look like for engineers doing field work, like today's foremen on an oil rig or fracking operation. One thing I miss about movies from those days is that the characters were more often middle-aged adults without pristine movie star looks. Ripley was the only character with fashion model vibes, but even she had a tough tomboy quality that worked perfectly and felt natural. She was also vulnerable despite the sassy grit. No Mary Sue was she. And could anyone project the average working class schmoe better than Harry Dean Stanton? Just a year prior he was a paint contractor who robbed banks in LA part-time with straight-timing Dustin Hoffman.

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That's exactly as I look at it: horror with sci-fi's clothes on. Although, I think some of sci-fi's elements of "the unknown" and the exploration of tech as friend/foe and human/machine are present, but not prominent enough to make it pure sci-fi.

What is your yardstick for sci-fi? What qualifies a film as science-fiction? And what would you say are some exemplars of the genre?

I, too, miss the casting choices people used to make - or seemed to. I think it's always been present in the indie film circuit, but yeah, back at this time, they made the choice to cast "normal people" as the main characters and leads, not just the peripheral characters, and they did it in studio films.

You're right on Ripley: she's attractive, but she's not what Hollywood often goes for. And her vulnerability was very palpable and very important. How is there danger (and, therefore, horror) if she's invulnerable and never afraid? How can we relate to a character so far beyond us? Ripley's humanity is what makes her great.

The whole crew were blue collar. Even Dallas, the captain. Even Ian Holm as the ship's doctor, with his British accent didn't seem too far out of place with the rest of them.

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"What is your yardstick for sci-fi? What qualifies a film as science-fiction? And what would you say are some exemplars of the genre?"

Very few films come to mind, but some that do are The Andromeda Strain, 2001, Solaris, and Blade Runner. The Andromeda Strain is probably the purest sci-fi of the bunch. I have to also give props to films like Jurassic Park, Interstellar, and Contact, which despite their obvious Hollywood garnish have very interesting sci-fi ideas girding them. I'm not a cranky sci-fi purist. All films need to be entertaining in some way and, unlike books, have a serious time constraint. A good example of a very pure sci-fi film that I find almost insufferable to sit through is Andrei Tarkovsky's Solaris. I love Lem's books, but I guess the American in me simply has a hard time watching a guy stare at a planet for almost 3 hours. I really need to be just in the right mood to appreciate that film. I admire it's artistry, but frankly I'd rather spend the time rereading the book!

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I haven't seen The Andronmeda Strain or Solaris, although the latter is on my list because it makes those kinds of lists. Once I find it, I'll go into it, based on your comments, in the correct mood for something more ponderous. I find the thin line between enjoyment and annoyance with films like that are expectations.

I didn't assume you were being cranky about it, just that you required certain criteria other than "it's the future!" for a film to be sci-fi. I was curious what those requirements were. For instance, I'm guessing you both enjoy Star Wars movies (because who doesn't like fun movies?) but that you probably consider them chameleoned fantasy films, blending in with science-fiction.

2001 and Blade Runner are high on my "favourite sci-fi" movies list, too, although I have a slightly looser requirement and I would put Alien (and probably Star Wars) on my list as well. Like fantasy, I sort of think that there are lots of kinds of sci-fi, and some are hard and some are soft.

What did you think of Arrival? It's one of my favourite recent sci-fi films, and I find myself curious if you (a) enjoyed the movie, and (b) think of it as sci-fi or something else entirely?

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About Solaris - Lem's book is perfection through and through. Finally it doesn't antrophomorphise the alien at all, and provides a brilliant outlook on that, using a fictional scientific framework (solaristics), which makes that book sci-fi-horror, psychological horror and science-philosophy at the same time. It's brilliant in presenting something we cannot even begin to understand.

The movie though... I get what Tarkovsky was going for, but the casting of Harey is way off, the true horror of some scenes is completely lost, the pacing is painfully slow, but without including the brilliant science / human understanding aspect of the books... misses in almost all departments. On its own right, as a Soviet science fiction from 1972, it's passable, but as the adaptation of the book Solaris, it's not done well IMO.

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Aliens is in every way better than Alien, which is a “monster in a locked house” horror masqueraded as science-fiction. Aliens is full-on Action/Adventure. Cameron took a crap idea and turned it into a gem.

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That was Cameron's specialty early on. Taking ideas.

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