I think that if there had been a few more sympathetic characters, it would have hurt the movie, rather than helping it.
I am not a very religious person, so I am not especially predisposed to finding religious meaning in the movies I watch. But the title of this film, Calvary, and the quote from St. Augustine at the beginning of the film (“Do not despair; one of the thieves was saved. Do not presume; one of the thieves was damned.”) are pretty strong hints about the underlying meaning.
The movie is an allegory of the ministry and crucifixion of Jesus. Hence the title, Calvary. Father James, like Jesus in the Christian gospels, is executed because he is a good man. The characters all around Father James represent humanity, terribly flawed and needing to be saved. Some are sinful, some are despondent, and some are faithless. A couple of them seek redemption, and we, the viewers, find ourselves sympathizing with that tiny minority, and feeling that only they are deserving of the help that Father James is offering. And yet Father James offers his help to all of them, and he, unlike us, feels that all are deserving of his help, even a serial killer. He has his moments of weakness, just as Jesus did in the gospels, but he finds his resolve and he stays, and for that he is executed. It is no accident that he chooses forgiveness as his favorite virtue, for in this allegory he is the Christ figure who represents forgiveness.
That cast of characters was not intended to be easy to watch. They were intended to be disturbing to the viewer, to create an environment around Father James so stiflingly malignant that we would gladly forgive him for simply throwing up his hands and walking away from a hopeless cause. But he doesn’t walk away. He stays, even though his task seems hopeless, even though he is mocked and insulted, and even knowing that it may cost him his life. If the characters around Father James were not so universally flawed, so despicable, so seemingly irredeemable, then we would feel hope for them, and we would want Father James to stay and save them. But we aren't supposed to feel that hope. We aren't supposed to want to see them saved. We are supposed to want to see Father James save himself, and see the rest of them punished. Instead, we see Father James punished -- punished for the sins of another.
That, I think, was the whole point of the movie, and it doesn't work if there are a few more sympathetic characters around.
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