First of all, it was Charlton Heston in Touch of Evil, not Marlon Brando. Secondly, Heston was already set to be cast as the lead in the film when Welles was hired to direct it (and, according to Heston, it was he who suggested Welles as director). Both Welles and Heston were quite racially progressive for their time (Heston would later often insist on the casting of black actors in his movies, sometimes over the objections of the studios). And the fact is that the film's treatment of Mexicans as marginalized on the U.S. side of the border town, and brutalized and bullied by the U.S. police is revolutionary for its time. Welles was brave enough to cast himself in the role of the deeply bigoted cop, and then play that angle for all it was worth to the story. But don't confuse the character with the actor.
As for Othello, as pointed out elsewhere, it has been quite common for a white person to play that role. Certainly when Shakespeare wrote it, and for a very long time thereafter, there simply were no black actors in Britain to play the role. In his adaptation, Welles does not play up the racial difference aspect of the character as much as some other actors have, neither in his acting or his makeup (Olivier's very blackface version is particularly glaring to modern eyes). His "cut" of the play leaves that pretty much to the other characters, which allows them to show that their prejudices are their own. Certainly Welles' own characterization of Othello is a deeply humanized and sympathetic one, despite his inexcusable act that brings the work to its climax.
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