Well, it is a story of one incident and focussed on one U-boat commander and crew. Here's some conjecture on my part, however, and I don't know what Lt. Hartenstein thought/saw of the result of the almost 20 previous "kills" of the U-156. Could he have started to have a "change of heart" upon seeing the horrible effects first hand of 20th century "push-button" warfare, where civilians get little warning or chance to get out of harm's way? A far cry from 19th and earlier, when armies/navies faced each other in pitched battles on open seas or fields. The U-156 only made one other successful attack in '42. Do we know how/why they ended up in the Caribbean, presumably on orders from high command, where they were sunk in early '43? Once there, could Hartenstein have just been trying to sit it out, or after realizing the horrible consequences of his actions, let fate decide if the U-156 would survive or be sunk with all hands? Presumably, the crew may not have agreed to surrender at that stage, although they should have realized they would lose, with the U.S.A. having gone directly into the war. His portrait gives the impression that he was a gentle soul. BTW as a kid growing up during and after WWII, remember we had a captured German sub on exhibit at the port of Montreal, as they did come into the St. Lawrence estuary. It seemed rather small.
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