The suggestion is made that Ryder speculated in put options, probably on stock. A put option is the right to sell something at a fixed price at a certain moment, no matter what the market value. If that fixed price is higher than the market value at any point in time, such an option is worth money, usually close to the difference of the market value and the fixed price of the option.
A call option is the opposite of a put option: it gives the right to buy something at a certain price at a certain moment. When the market price is higher than the call option buying price, the option is worth money.
The initial price (at the moment of entering the market) of options is usually quite low, since the prices of stocks and commodities (such a gold) usually fluctuate marginally only.
Ryder was following the price of gold, the price of which was going up as a reaction to the falling stock prices. Therefore he had probably bought call options for gold. Due to the initial low prices of these options and the quick and significant rise of the gold price, he could make a huge profit on his initial investment. Ain't that grant?
BTW, options are also quite useful in creating financial crises.
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