Simple explanation for what happened at the 51 min mark
In the reel footage of the Nazi experiments, we see a subject shot in the center of the forehead with a 9mm pistol. He falls, then puts his hand against the wall as if coming back from the dead, then is put down by a soldier with a rifle.
Yes, it was supposed to be eerie and illustrative of the strange machine. But, if a bullet is fired perfectly down the center of the skull, it will pass between the lobes of the brain and do only superficial damage. Here is a real life example:
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/northamerica/usa/5177344/Woman-makes-cup-of-tea-after-being-shot-in-head.html
I am only posting this for your amusement.