He was a fictional character from the beginning. The name Sweeney Todd was first used in the 1846 "penny dreadful" story "A String of Pearls," which has been variously attributed to James Malcolm Rymer, or to Thomas Peckett Prest.
Its predecessors, which just might have had some basis in truth-- though frankly, I doubt it-- come from Paris; one of those stories, "A Terrible Story of the Rue de la Harpe," appeared in the British magazine "Tell-Tale" in 1825.
Around 1775, the five-volume edition of "The Newgate Calendar" was published, which included a detailed retelling of the alleged crimes of Sawney Bean, a legendary Scottish "cannibal clan" leader used, in updated and Americanized form, in the 1977 movie "The Hills Have Eyes." But notice, also, the resemblance between the names Sawney Bean and Sweeney Todd.
Now, I suppose it's just possible the Sawney Bean legends may have been inspired by true stories dating back literally hundreds of years, to a time when quite possibly, there really were cannibals in Scotland. (Or maybe that's just what they wanted the English to think.)
"I don't deduce, I observe."
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