Does every film-goer look at every film in the same way? Do you look at every film in the same way?
A few points: Andersson makes films- if not like an alien who has never seen a film before- as if no-one has made films for many years- fixed, deep focus; very little camera movement (there is one tracking shot in Songs from the Second Floor, two in Du Levande and- possibly- a slow pan back in the final shot of aeroplanes). He's thrown out most of the innovations of the last eighty years. Now Andersson is an intelligent, knowledgeable film-maker, so these restrictions are a deliberate decision on his part. It's wiser, i think, to look at Andersson's films as if you've never seen a film before because he is making films like no-one else does. Furthermore, for most of his life Andersson has made a living making advertiaements, and if anyone knows even more about the Kuleshov effect than film-makers, it's advertisement makers.
As a result, I'd say that, yes, Andersson is well aware of what he is doing here and he is also deliberately notmaking the connexion for us. Andersson is giving clues that the 'planes may be bombers but equally deliberately he doesn't say or show that they are. It is entirely our assumption, but if someone throws out most of the conventions of film-making it's wiser to not assume he's using a convention conventionally when he appears to use one.
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