If we follow this logic, no non-white actor or actress would ever get a meaningful part in any period play or film, unless the subject matter was linked to racism, slavery or whatever. Many theatre and other performing arts companies have chosen to simply ignore race and ethnicity when casting unless it adversely affects the content of the text. It's called "color-blind casting". I recall a member of of our community theatre group who (25 years ago) worried about a planned production "A Raisin in the Sun". She said the cast of the play would want to be involved in other productions which would be a problem. "After all," she said, "how many plays are there with roles for butlers and maids?" What about roles as doctors. lawyers, cops or robbers? It never even entered her mind that blacks could play roles that weren't servants, because she had never seen a play or film where they did. This is what "color-blind casting" helps to overcome.
"The Music Man" is a light-hearted fiction, not a Ken Burns documentary. If you can't suspend your disbelief enough to accept a few black actors milling about with the townsfolk, you're not paying attention to the play. Since the author intended this play to be a fond look back at his boyhood home town, let's imagine that there are black people living in Iowa in 1912 (there were, of course) and that the stubborn, but basically good-hearted population of River City doesn't throw sheets over there heads every time a black person walks down the street. Is that too much to believe in River City? There don't seem to be many nasty people in this town (how realistic is that?), so maybe some of the white citizens are even friendly with the black ones. And wouldn't these black River "citiziens" be just as excited about the Wells Fargo wagon or as concerned about that pool hall as any other member of the community? So why is this a problem? Maybe you should just take note ("Say, one member of the barbershop quartet is Chinese. How about that?") and get back to enjoying the show.
Let's suppose that near River City there's an all-black college, founded by abolitionists, and the teachers and students wander over to the town now and then to spend their money in the local businesses. Some may even live there, not next door to Mayor Shinn perhaps, but in the town. Isn't that at least as plausible as the idea that there shouldn't be any blacks on the street because they all - 100% of them - would be stashed away in rich white peoples' kitchens and pantries? Wait a minute. How many Greeks or Italians were there in Iowa in 1912? Let's be sure we don't have too many Greek or Italian-looking actors in this play.
No, Danny Glover should not be considered for the role of George Wallace and Tom Hanks won't ever get the lead role in "Raisin". But Robert Guillaume did play the Phantom of the Opera. So if it's just a matter of actors playing everyday people in a musical comedy, I think it's an issue we should be able to get past.
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