The original X-men were a five "man" team made up of four men (Cyclops, Beast, Angel, and Iceman) and one woman (Jean Grey). Jean's nickname, at the time, was "Marvel Girl," which has since largely been dropped for obvious reasons. If you want to see how she was depicted early on go here: http://goodcomics.comicbookresources.com/2016/06/07/remember-to-forget-that-time-professor-x-would-have-made-a-move-on-jean-grey-if-not-for-his-wheelchair/
Basically, she was the token woman of the group and served as an object for everyone (save Iceman) to drool over, including Xavier who was secretly in love with this 16 year old student of his (that was quickly dropped, though). It's all rather cringe worthy.
The initial run of the X-men didn't do overly well. It only became a hit when it was retooled in the 70's to include a more diverse lineup and a focus on deeper issues. That's when you got characters like Storm, and that's when Jean Grey evolved to become the strongest member of the team with significant focus given to her struggle with that power.
All of that said, it most likely never occurred to anyone involved in the original X-men title to use "men" to send any kind of message simply because it was a normative naming convention that didn't receive much push back at the time. I therefore think it's more productive to focus on how male versus female characters were actually treated at the time if you want to get a proper sense of the attitudes held by those writing superhero stories. There are plenty of sources online that, like my above example, point these out, which you can likely easily find by googling something along the lines of "sexism in comics."
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