MovieChat Forums > Naked (1994) Discussion > meaning of johnny's comment 'postmoderni...

meaning of johnny's comment 'postmodernist gas chamber'?


i understand the backlash of the modern school when it comes to the rise and continuation of postmodern thought, whether in architecture, philosophy, literature, or whatever. johnny's particular comment on the nightwatchmen's building, 'postmodernist gas chamber' i still find rather out-of-place. johnny's 'problem', if one may call it that, with the world is the world, itself. this is made more than clear through a clever scene towards the end where johnny tries, linguistically, but in vain, to get the poster-man's attention away from his rather monotonous, though totally-engrossing, job of taking down old, gluing the backs of, and placing back up advertisement posters. the content of the posters, if i remember correctly, are that of coming musical entertainment acts, but i spose the image of the advertisements makes no difference for it is the advertisement itself which the viewer can discern as society's reward for it's own perpetuation. the counter-point of music as culture-saver is undoubtedly rubbish, even if one refutes the above idea of the poster-man's lack of going-the-extra mile for the hyper-conscious johnny whom the man eventually beats up for delaying his work routine. as johnny attempts to engage the man in a 'socratic debate', he is met with dismissal and an exclamation point, that being a kick to the ribs. he then ventures down a dark alley where he is again, as if in some downward spiral sequential order, quartered as a gang of teenagers attack him, for amusement.

my question is this and actually, i think, does require the above mentioning:

why the 'postmodernist gas chamber' quip?:
1) isn't postmodernism just a sub-type of modernism?
2) what type of world do we really live in; is it that easy to discern thought that is modern and postmodern?
3) my understanding of postmodernism is that it is rebelling against the cold, authoritarian nature of a modern, consumer society.
4) i am overthinking it; i.e. is johnny's comment just an easy-to-spot take on postmodern, corporate architecture (wide-open spaces with influences from ancient greeks, avoiding the square, rectangle, metal and efficient patterns of modern buildings?
5) concerning #4: a lot of postmodern thought is at once nihilistic but carries a dab of mysticism: this means doesn't it make sense that johnny, a representative of the spiritually-starved throwaways of a modern society, would take to postmodernism for it's subversive qualities? or does johnny just loathe the establishment (both modern and postmodern schools) equally and thus finds everything deplorable?

comments?

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i think maybe you're overthinking it. i think it was just an adjective describing the interior design, and there to modify the important bit of the phrase, "gas chamber", as in, the office is where we go to die. as such, the word "postmodern" is simply a clever poetic device in this application.

that said, i think that johnny probably loathes postmodernism as self-consciously self-referential, pretentious and ironic. mind you, these are all things that johnny himself often is, but then again, johnny hates himself, too, now doesn't he? ultimately, johnny is disappointed with everything the modern world has to offer. as mike leigh has said, johnny is not a cynic. he's a catastrophically disappointed optimist. i think this is really what separates him most clearly from postmodernism as a philosophical position.

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i definitely think that's right. 'postmodern' as in, "who gives a *beep* this is where we die" (i think i didn't make the connection cause there aren't any desks in the building (i thought about it so much i decided johnny was addressing heidegger's connection with the nazis). it's just space, of which brian is absurdly guarding. i agree, too, though i for one am an admirer of postmodern thought, specially kierkegaard and derrida and what not (two figures who would definitely refute the label <--- as it gradually becomes the label <--- and refute it again). i think, yeah, i'm trying to pigeonhole johnny but the irony is impossible to separate from the sincerity, except when moments of 'humanity' shine through, in pretty much every scene johnny shares with another. whether or not socrates felt the world coming apart like johnny is questionable.

thanks for the help.

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I think ibuck is right about Johnny loathing postmodernism only insofar as Johnny loathes just about everything and would almost surely resent any claim that he took to a certain school of thought other than his own. That being said, I heard echoes of postmodernism in Johnny's musings and ramblings throughout the film. Here is how I saw them relating to this scene and this scene relating to them:

1) A Postmodern Take on Evolution-- postmodernism seeks to destroy chronologies. That is to say, there is no explicit before or after, but rather we are products of everything that has existed, most importantly products of the culture of mass reproduction. As such, there is no original; there is no halo or "aura" as Bejamin calls it. Johnns explains to the nighwatchman that the frog that we started as and the "pure thought" that we will become are equal parts of the tickings of progression. We would like to think that there is something that makes us unique but we are just part of a process where any one thing in Johnny's butterfly theory matters as much as any other.

2) A Watchman of Space-- Johnny notes that the watchman has the most tedious job in London. After all, he is a watchman of space-- a watchman of nothing. But postmodernism would deny that this is a space of nothing. For postmodernism, that which seems vacant is actually life in its most pulsating form. For example, in Zizek's work "From Reality to the Real" he references a novel written by Robert Heinlein entitled "The Unpleasant Profession of Jonathan Hoag" in which a man meets the beings who have created our planet. One of the beings tells him that there have been some glitches in the fabric of our world, but that if the man drives home, and does not open his window, things will be back to normal. Before the changes can be made to the facade, the man's wife rolls down the window. What they see is not "sunlight...cops...or kids," but "nothing...a grey formless mist." He sees the essence of our world without the representational contours and locales of meaning that we take comfort in prescribing to things around us. Yet, like a virus or bacteria, those things which are most potent cannot be seen.

3) How then, is this space so potent? It is a venue for capitalism. Frederick Jameson noted that capitalism contradicted postmodernism in that its leverage was based on irrationality of desires and that it sells us a fantasy. Surely, this space is worth money-- especially in a city setting. But it is only space. Why do we want space? Because its worth something. Why is it worth something? Because we want it. And we don't just want it, capitalism makes us NEED it. This defies the logic that postmodernism attempts to uphold.

4) Aight, all Ima do is four a these. Peep the part with the dancing woman in the window. This is the watchman's fantasy woman; his role is that of the voyeur and as a result she becomes his fetishized object. As such, he places her on a pedestal or as Zizek would put it, desire skews his perspective on the world. To the nightwatchman this woman is perfect, just as is his future, and his dream cottage in Ireland. Yet when Johnny actually visits this woman it turns out that she is an old, masochistic, alcoholic. Moreover, Johnny thinks the cottage is "a piece a *beep* innit."


Johnny isn't a postmodernist through and through just as he isn't totally a modernist. We have to remember that modernism and postmodernism have a parasitic relationship where the ideas of one cannot exist without the presence of the ideas of the other to destroy. Johnny DOES believe in God, and the Bible, whereas postmodernism denies the existance of any sort of Other to this world. On the other hand, if Johnny were a religious man he wouldn't put such high value on science and logic. I got other stuff to say but I gotta go get crunk.

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[deleted]

All the answers here are very erudite but refuse to take the flippancy of the remark at its face value. The English, especially the London based MEEJIA (sic), are so much in love with postmodernism that they have fallen in love with their own self-perceived guile that the adjective became overworked. Just take it as a casual swipe and nothing more. Please.

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Apologies as this reply is short and quite reductive


1) Postmodern is a historical label for an epoch that we are currently in and does not denote a political position or particular thought process. Just as the Guillotine is a product of The Enlightenment and so too the writing of Rousseau. Just as Nazis and T.S.Eliot are Modern. Therefore PM is not a value or system of values . . . (note 3) cannot be answered on this basis

Jameson correctly links postmodern culture with capitalism . . . that it (culture) takes place in a space where capitalism is the general norm. although said culture is not necessarily for or against capitalism.

1)Postmodernism is not necessarily a sub-type of modernism . . . but like any historical epoch . . . it is built on the last. It is slippery. Modernist architecture might be said to have assumptions . . and postmodernist upsets these assumptions. The assumptions of modernism might be seen as utility and practicality. Las Vegas might be seen as the ultimate postmodern building site. Ancient Greek and Egyptian influence to enchanted castle. The only design you won’t see is one based on pure utility.

2) if your thinking am I modern, this kind of self-consciousness is post-modern. Post modern thought is a hard thing to define . . . your dad may like the PT Cruiser because of the old fashioned look but modern technology , all this could be defined as Postmodern thought.


4) Johnny might have used the term ‘contemporary gas chamber’. So he most certainly be a postmodern thinker and criticize an aspect of it, or a hypocrisy of it. In this case I think that Johnny is criticizing how modern corporate architecture will endeavor to look accessible and soulful, the truth is quit different when working in a building like these is soul destroying.

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Postmodernism is not a time. It is not now, after modernism, or right before Post Post Modernism. Just so you know. Idiotface.

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Zachary please enter into the spirit of a discussion and please don’t call anyone ‘idiot face’. I’m not going to start flame battle with you on this because I honestly don’t believe that anyone who has posted on this thread is an idiot. I also honestly believe you would rather a real discussion than chuck insults. So I am going to assume that you wrote (as we all have at some time) in haste.

Yea I read ‘The Work of Art in the Age of Mass Reproduction’ and I understand what you mean by the Aura. This was an essay that written in 1936 (forgive my obsession with time) and was an integral part of the modernist trope. But Aura … or the ‘Sublime’ is very much re-introduced into Postmodern thinking. . . this is part of the change from Modern to Postmodern. (See the Lyotard link I have provided).

Benjamin’s Essay http://www.marxists.org/reference/subject/philosophy/works/ge/benjamin.htm


But I really don’t understand how you can attack a notion of time. ‘Post’ ‘Modern’ ‘postmodern’ ? Deconstruct it for a moment and tell me that it has nothing to do with our perception of things that impose ‘time’ and ‘narrative’ upon things. The term was first used by Jean-François Lyotard: Postmodern as a historical/cultural "condition" based on a dissolution of master narratives or metanarratives, a crisis in ideology when ideology no longer seems transparent (see The Post-Modern Condition: A Report on Knowledge)

Now I quote directly from Wikipedia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Fran%C3%A7ois_Lyotard

The Postmodern Condition: A Report on Knowledge) (1979), he argued that our age (the postmodern condition of the book's title) is marked by an 'incredulity towards metanarratives'. These metanarratives - sometimes 'grand narratives' - are grand large scale theories and philosophies of the world: history as progress, the knowability of everything by science, the possibility of absolute freedom, etc. Lyotard argues that we have ceased to believe that these kinds of beliefs are adequate to represent and contain us all.

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When he said it was a “postmodernist gas chamber” he was merely referring to the architecture inside the building. The lobby that the security guard was sitting in was designed in the style of post-modern architects (characterized by a rejection of strict design rules and minimal ornament for a more aesthetically diverse style). Johnny was just joking about the design by calling it “postmodern.”

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I just worked on Ben Affleck's new film. It was the most postmodern experience ever.

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I thought it was simply meaning the place, (suburban/urban, officey, 9-5) where ppl suffocate and die nowadays, rather than the literal gas chamber of old.

My understanding of the statement was:
Postmodern= now, current, recent,
Gas chamber= ppl slowly suffocating/dying

It reminds me of a poem we had to read in school, i think it was called "1000 ways to kill a man" or something like that and it started "There are many ways to kill a man" and it then described several gruesome ways to kill a person (based on ways, historically, ppl have been killed) and ended with a line that went something like...
"by far the easiest is to simply drop him somewhere in the middle of the 20th Century and leave him there"

I liked reading some of the more in depth examinations of the statement though.

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[deleted]

Post-Modernism means less "what is current" and more something that follows after the "Modernist" movements in Art,Film,Literature which moved away from classical ideas of structure to embrace more avant-garde or surrealist influences. So Johnny's quip about the post-modern gas chamber I think is simply calling into analysis its design and cold,plain atmosphere.

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it isn't a literal statement, he's taking the piss...

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Here's my theory. Johnny uses the term 'Post Modernism', without any intellectual rigor behind it. He is intelligent and educated to a point, he has heard the term many times and just uses it as a throw-away comment without thinking of its true meaning.

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Very entertaining and inrtiguing thread, I have to say. On the one hand, we have the informed and erudite responses, and, on the other, the casual moviegoers' opinions. It's a nice -- if somewhat healthy -- juxtaposition.

Anyway, I'm of the opinion that Johnny, while being intelligent and educated to an extent, utilised the term loosely, without any intellectual rigour. I think we would all agree that "gas chamber", in this instance, is a metaphor for Brian's tedious job. Yes? No?

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[deleted]

I thought it was just a simple joke.

I just thought it to mean that Jews and others were sent to work before they went to the gas chamber (die). Here he's outlining that modern life is exactly the same: we work, suffer and then we die. This is in keeping with his existentialist philosophy and is just a joke.

That's a Dead Dog.
Yes, it is.

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