I saw this when it first aired, and then I saw a repeat some time when I was in college, which would have been in the early 1980s. I was studying American Sign Language and had a lot of Deaf friends. At that time, there was a post-script at the end stating that Lang was the last person seen with another prostitute before she was murdered, and he had been arrested and charged with her murder.
So, that he was innocent probably was not true, but that the film was about the tragic lives of many deaf people who had never had education or exposure to language, yes, it was true. In 1979, when the movie was made, it was only 4 years after the passage of public law 94-142, the Education of All Handicapped Children. Before that law, there was no provision for the education of someone like Donald Lang. Although all states had schools for the Deaf, and they had dormitories where students could live, parents had to transport their kids to the school some way. Parents who didn't have a car, or live near a bus or train, or couldn't afford tickets, and the time off to accompany their kids to the school, couldn't send them. And there was no outreach. Some parents might not realize the schools existed. Some children were misdiagnosed as mentally retarded, and institutionalized.
It's hard to say how much of Lang's social isolation contributed to his criminal behavior. Other uneducated, isolated deaf people never committed violent crimes, and lots of serial killers had normal childhoods. However, the enigma of the crime probably would not be what it is, and Lang would not have committed a second crime, assuming that is what happened, or, perhaps his antisocial tendencies would have been identified when he was younger, before he killed anyone, if he had been able to communicate from childhood, with sign language. But, it's also possible that it he had been able to communicate with people, have normal friends and a normal social life, he might never have killed anyone.
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