What was Churchill's complaint?


Various of the reviewers have remarked in passing that Churchill, the Prime Minister, tried to get the movie banned. Does anybody know exactly what he had against it? The only thing I can guess is that he, like the War Office in the film, didn't like General Candy's message about the necessity for the British to remain decent human beings even in wartime, and even against the Nazis.

Could the 'good German's' speech about the need to be as hard as the Nazis to defeat the Nazis have been added to satisfy the censor? I don't really suppose Churchill was advocating blowing up hospitals, machine-gunning refugees, and murdering whole villages full of hostages (Candy's examples), but Britain had taken to area-bombing cities, something that was universally acknowledged as an atrocity before the war.

But all this is just guessing. If anyone can tell me what was really at issue I'd appreciate it.

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There is info on it at:

http://www.turnerclassicmovies.com/ThisMonth/Article/0,,102777,00.html

and:

http://www.turnerclassicmovies.com/MovieNews/Index/0,,14363,00.html

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Those links are no longer working...



Last seen:
The Curse of the Were-Rabbit - 9/10

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Colonel Blimp was suppressed because ——

(1) Two key scenes occurred at the War Office which showed its members in quite an unflattering light. Consider that Colonel Blimp was brought to Churchill's attention by the War Office. The War Office was afraid the audience would begin to wonder, "Who's running this show?" Though we consider the government to be fair game in normal times, during wartime, promoting morale and confidence has higher priority than art or polemic.

(2) Churchill couldn't discern a good movie if it hit him over the head (and this movie certainly did). Consider that Churchill's taste in film ran from banal to atrocious. It is part of Churchill lore that for his circle one of the ordeals of being with him was having to endure the treacly melodrama and jingoistic action, which Churchill was constantly commenting on while watching. So, we have to consider the source. Anyway, Churchill was not disposed to consider the fine points raised by the movie; he had a war to run.

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"The only thing I can guess is that he, like the War Office in the film, didn't like General Candy's message about the necessity for the British to remain decent human beings even in wartime, and even against the Nazis."

I think you might be right... I don't understand those comments on here that suggest the character of Candy was supposed to be uncomfortably similar to Churchill in outlook, and that churchhill was therefore being portrayed as stuffy traditionalist/moralist (which I don't think Candy is anyway). Churchill was all for ruthless expediency - http://www.socialistworker.co.uk/archive/1695/sw169518.htm

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The whole point of the movie was to tell the Brits that the Nazis aren't going to be gentlemanly. Whether or not Churchill is actually like this isn't the point. Churchill got himself involved in the debate, not the other way around.

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Churchill didn't "get himself involved". The War Office involved him. The movie got in trouble because of the War office, with Churchill's backing. Read my post.

Candy's military career points corresponded to his, so Churchill had reason to be touchy. It may be that if he thought the character was based on him, that it should have been more "accurate". Of course, this was nothing but a performer's vanity, since such a premise is wrong.

That the Nazis weren't going to be gentlemen was no news to the Brits in 1943, when this movie was released, so while that was one of the points of the movie, it certainly wasn't the main point.

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There was afew things seen to be distasteful about the film, by churchill:

1. A german had a psychological advantage over the British Hero - Theo was clearer sighted & had actually won the girl.
2. British officers had actually been called 'blimpish' in parliament a short while before & this was not what they wanted to keep hearing.
3. The above was seen to be particularly bad as it made britain look weak to her allies - hence the reason why Churchill witheld its export license to the U.S. for some months
4. Blimp was actually a Cartoon strip character created by David Low used to deride Aristocratic right wingers of the 1930s. Churchill (prior to coming back to power) had been derided in a number of such strips by Low in the 1930s. So had no love for blimp.
5. To make it worse there were too many similarities between Candy and Churchill himself: both served in the Boer, India & were brigade commanders on the western front.

Also: There is 1 conspiracy theory - as in the end it painted quite a good light some have concluded (incorrectly in my opinion) they hype was to encourage people to go see it.

+ there's more, 'Screen' has a number of articles on it as do other articles on the films makers, should you care to look it up.

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I've been thinking today about this movie.

Blimp's Victorian gentleman amateur values were a paradigm of the entire British ruling class. Blimp WAS the honorable schoolboy and a perfect example of why British military, political, and economic leadership was so unequal to the challenges of the Twentieth Century.

Aside from O'Connor's offensive in Libya in 1941 British army leadership had been pretty second rate. Nowhere did Britain produce a Rommel or a Guderian, a hard driving tanker who commands from the front and makes things happen. Narvik, Dunkirk, Crete, Tobruk, Singapore. One British disaster after the other and under officers who weren't much different from Blimp. This movie hints at something which British historians of the 60s like Corelli Barnett drove home. That the British public school mentality (the mentality in which its entire male ruling class was brought up) was honest, brave, self disciplined, sober, and decent but so loyal to the rules that it was incapable of learning anything or thinking outside the box. So polite and restrained that it had no hustle, ambition, or unflinching committment to excellence. Similarly, the aristocratic Flytes of "Brideshead Revisited" (written at the same time) are charming, lovely, but rather spineless people.

Churchill I think sensed this critique of the culture of his class. The truth of it frightened him for what it meant for the future of the British Empire.

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Errrm, what about the commandos (already in action by 1941 in the assasination attempt on Rommel in Libya), the SAS of David Stirling, the Jock Columns of Jock Campbell? Not to disagree directly, much of the British army leadership during the early war years was, not necessarily atrocious but I suspect they (and the French) didn't have tactical doctrine in place to counter the German blitzkrieg methods. Wavell and O'Connor did quite well - albeit under an undermotivated and poorly equipped though large adversary who was pretty overextended (and the shoe would be on the other foot when Rommel showed up) as did Auchinleck, who as I understand it, was cursed more by poor army commanders (such as Cunningham and the chap who took over at Gazala, was it Neil Ritchie?) as well as poor armour doctrine and an outdated view of armour itself (the British took till about 1944 to find their feet and to develop armour that would do well on the modern battlefield - indeed their Centurion tank, coming into action at the end of the war, was perhaps the first and one of the best MBTs ever). Crete was a near run thing and a lot of it was bad luck and bad decisions by middle level commanders at Maleme in particular. Dunkirk, they were wrong footed and their counterstroke at Arras still was enough to give even Rommel moments of pause. Singapore and Narvik I'd agree were messed up.

I think Guderian did give the German army a solid armour theorist and commander and the winning tactical doctrine that sustained them till about Alamein and Stalingrad. Rommel was (much as I'm a fan of his) a jumped up division commander, a marshal Ney with greater strategic flair but still prone to driving around and getting lost while the battle played itself out to his loss. He denuded his airfields and supply lines of the 88s which allowed the allied aircraft to play havoc with vital logistics while the British kept their equivalent AA at the supply hubs and airfields and were able to maintain logistical superiority throughout the campaign - it was logistics that lost the war for Rommel in the end. Never enough fuel.

There was an armour specialist in Britain, Percy Hobart, but sadly, blimpish attitudes at home kept him stuck at home till he was given the 'funny' 79th Armoured Division for the Normandy campaign. Hobart vs Guderian or Rommmel in North Africa, now that would have been interesting!

Though agreed about the comments and if I may add, it's not limited to the Brits - we all have the tendency to reminisce about 'the good old days' in our own way.

Sincerely,
Tom516

"It is not enough to like a film. You must like it for the right reasons."
- Pierre Rissient

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Somehow, there often seems to be a disconnect between the junior and senior officers. The junior officers--even though most of them presumeably come from the same class as the generals--often seem to have more initiative.

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Yes, Spud going against the senior officers' wishes is very much like the young Clive going against his superiors' wishes.

We don't really have an "officer class" in the UK. By WWII officers were chosen by ability, not by background. When we first hear about Spud he's just a regular soldier

Steve

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Also, how about the pilots in the RAF during the Battle of Britain? They didn't all come from Poland, did they? In the fourth line after the word, "albeit", instead of the Word "under", do you really mean, "against", otherwise I don't understand what you mean here. The tremendous advances in Weapon's Technology between WWI and WWII certainly have an extraordinary effect on the early days of WWII. An understatement to be sure! Regards, mustangp51b

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I just listened to Leonard Lopate's fine radio interview with Michael Powell from 1987. In it Powell goes out of his way to praise Churchill, saying he made it possible for English film makers to make first-rate films during the war. He contrasts Churchill with Hitler: Hitler, he says, thought he was an artist and wanted to kill everybody who didn't share his view of art. Churchill, on the other hand, was an artist, and allowed British film makers to develop important themes in the ways they saw fit. Or so Powell says. Which makes me wish Powell had gone into the matter of the censorship of Blimp.
The interview, which is a pleasure throughout, is at
http://wnyc.org/shows/lopate/episodes/02042005
I highly recommend it.

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Your assertion, that Hitler "thought he was an artist and wanted to kill everybody who didn't share his view of art," is right on the mark! I highly recommend The Architecture of Doom, a stunning documentary that amplifies your point. http://imdb.com/title/tt0098559/

As for your claim that Hitler only thought of himself as an artist, while "on the other hand, was an artist," I must disagree. We've seen samples of Hitler's own work — drawings and sketches he made about the time he was applying to art school in Vienna. They are always dismissed as mediocre and pedestrain. Well, of course they were; this was untrained work. Hitler was a fine draftsman, and who knows how his talent would have developed had he gained admittance to the academy. And of course, the world would have been spared.... Remember also, that Hitler designed much of the Nazi paraphernalia, from emblems and standards to uniforms which, giving the devil his due, form perhaps the most compelling feature of Nazidom to the adolescent mind. Churchill's art, if you are referring to his paintings, didn't make him a "real" artist any more or less than Hitler's "set design" made him a "real" artist. And your claim that Churchill "allowed British film makers to develop important themes in the ways they saw fit" is belied by Churchill's censorship of Blimp.

After watching Architecture of Doom, it's not too farfetched to fancy that Hitler not only was an artist but the most diabolical artist in history — Hitler as Rienzi and World War II as Gotterdamerung.

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"My" assertion? "My" claim? If "I am referring? If you had bothered to read the post you would have seen that I wrote "He contrasts", "he says", and "or so Powell says." I just don't know how I could have made it more clear that I was summarizing Powell's views. And "your claim that Churchill 'allowed British film makers to develop important themes in the ways they saw fit' is belied by Churchill's censorship of Blimp," simply ignores that I made exactly the same point. Listen to the interview, then get back to me. Until then, learn to read more carefully.

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Matter of fact, I read your boring post a number of times to try to make sense of it. If I failed, it wasn't from lack of trying. Judging from your shrill, ill-tempered and pedantic response, you have personal issues, so I'll leave the last word for you, if that will help. Good luck with the mirror.

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You're just better at following movies than printed words, I guess. We can't all be good readers.

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Churchill's taste in movies and propoganda was always towards simple, uplifting, stories that raised the spirits and made them leave the cinema with a smile on their face. The Marx Brothers and jolly music hall music were among his favourites.

The role of cinema during the war is misunderstood. At the start of the war all UK cinemas were closed, but later reopened to lift moral and a range of film were made with government approval and support. Given the shortage of film stock and manpower, you could say that all British film was a form of government enterprise. Like all excutive producers they liked to poke their noses in.

Churchill showed little interest in cinema and was grumpy and sarcastic when taken to a Hollywood set. I cannot imagine him getting hot under the collar over an art form that he held in little regard at a time when the war wasn't going all that well.

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As I wrote above, the film strongly implied that there was a very good reason why the war "wasn't going all that well". That Blimp with his Victorian public school values just plain wasn't up to the challenges of the twentieth century. And what did that imply about the future of the British Empire when the more farsighted English were wondering whether they were going to win the war only to end up an American client state ?

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V. interesting interview. Thanks for the link, vaneyck

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Thanks for all the comments everybody. I had to look up the word 'Blimpishness' earlier in reference to an article on Kingsly Amis in the New Yorker...I was surprised to find the meaning of the word as 'reactionary'. Hmm...I'd seen the film projected back in the 90s & heard some bit about Churchill's censoring but not much else. So in an odd way it must be reactionary to fall short of the current standards of warfare or thesedays terrorismfare. Bizare indeed.

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First of all, Churchill did not "censor" the film. It was shown throughout England during the war and in fact broke box office records. The war office did refuse permission to use military facilities in its filming, and it did refuse to allow Laurence Olivier to take time off from military service to star in the title role. This is hardly censorship, however.

It is true that Churchill reportedly disliked the film and tried to discourage its distribution. Indeed, he temporarily prohibited the use of aircraft (which were all under governmental control during the war, for obvious reasons) to transport the film outside of Britain. Even this embargo, however, only lasted a few months.

If you want to learn what true censorship is, read about Hitler's Germany or Stalin's Russia (or present-day Cuba, Iran or China).

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Thanks for the thoughtful lesson alistla, but Churchill, national leader, was extremely hostile to the film, which may not have been literal censorship but did have its negative effects.

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While watching the film I was struck constantly by the unusually even-handed portrayal of the Germans, crediting them with virtues as well as evils.

Throughout even my childhood in the 50's and 60's Britain, this was a rare thing indeed, and I don't think the view presented in this film was caught up with in mainstream British war films till maybe the 70's, if then in general. Until then Germans may sometimes have been shown as charismatic, diabolically talented individuals, but almost always with the rider that their trained automaton soldiery was no match for the plucky, flexible Tommy - rubbish in general, obviously, but we British seemed to be afraid to give them any real credit. Even today, the tabloid press tries to perpetuate the old view of the Germans.

So my reaction was that propagation of this film's view of the Germans simply wouldn't have been acceptable to British wartime leaders. Soldiers are, after all, trained to hate their enemies - it makes killing them easier; to see them as human beings like themselves would surely have been a hindrance to soldiers and those supporting them.

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Powell and Pressburger films often put forward the view that not all Germans were mindless Nazi thugs. And they often got into trouble because of it.

But Churchill's main objection wasn't to the portrayal of a nice German while we were fighting against them. Even though at that point (1943) it was still a desperate fight and the outcome was far from certain.

His main objection was to the portrayal of the British officers as "Blimp" types. Old fashioned and reactionary. Clive Candy is a lovely fellow, but not the sharpest pencil in the box

Steve

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As propaganda goes, it's a grotesque misfire.

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Care to expand that?
In what way was it a misfire?

Steve

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Suggesting your own officers are ruthless thugs or outdated buffers isn't going to inspire the populace. They got too subtle for their own good and ended up sending a fairly mixed message. That's fine if you're making Art, but it's not effective propaganda.

BTW, I notice our hero's replacement in the radio broadcast was Bertrand Russell - bet that went over well with Churchill.

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I don't think it was a mixed message. They were saying that there was no place for outdated buffers and that the fighting forces had to be ruthless to fight a ruthless enemy.

And it was J.B. Priestley who replaced Clive in the broadcast

Steve

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The message is mixed because the 'hero' is seen to be wrong, but is thoroughly decent and admirable. It doesn't work. The film is telling the audience they need to be no better than the enemy, which raises the question, 'then what's the point?' It's about as effective as the Kaiser telling his troops to emulate the Hun.

I don't think Priestley was too popular with the establishment either.

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Have you seen many Powell & Pressburger films? They often went beyond the basic structure of just one 'hero' who gave the single message of the film. They often had more than one leading character and more than one message.

Steve

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Well, I guess they must have managed to avoid annoying Churchill while doing so.

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Au contraire, they annoyed Churchill greatly. He tried to ban the film but had to be reminded that as we lived in a democracy he didn't have that power, even in wartime. The most he could do was to block its export so whereas it was shown in the UK in June 1943, while the outcome of the war was still very much in doubt, it wasn't seen anywhere outside the UK until 1944 or later. It wasn't seen in the US of A until March 1945 and that was only in a cut form.

Steve

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