Welllll,
Depends on how you look at it really. I recall reading that the Fleischer talkies were done on some really complex system that mechanically linked a phonograph to a projector. Since the theaters didn't acccept the system the cartoons weren't widely shown and they didn't make an impact on the industry.
Fantasia was initially a flop at least partially for the same reason: few theaters were equipped for stereo so the distribution was very narrow.
By the time Steamboat Willie was in the theaters, a successful sync-sound system was already up and running, and after it came out nobody really wanted to see a silent cartoon anymore.
So, it's true: it's technically not the first, but really the first successful. It's a lot like comparing what the Wright Brothers built to all the ones before it that crashed!
The Vikings (or maybe the Chinese) found America first, but Columbus changed the world by finding it second! (...or maybe third!)
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